EC954 Edge Computer User Manual

(Compatible with Debian 11, IEOS V2.0.0 and above versions)

Version 2.0

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Front Matter

Legal Notices

Thank you for choosing this product. Before use, read this user manual carefully. Compliance with the following statements helps maintain intellectual property rights and legal compliance, ensuring that the user experience remains consistent with the latest product information. For questions or written permission requests, contact the technical support team.

• Copyright Statement

This user manual contains copyright-protected content. The copyright belongs to Beijing InHand Network Technology Co., Ltd. and its licensors. Without written permission, no entity or individual may extract, reproduce, or distribute any part or the entirety of this manual in any form.

• Disclaimer

Due to continuous updates in product technology and specifications, the company cannot guarantee that the information in this user manual is completely identical to the actual product. Therefore, the company assumes no responsibility for any disputes arising from discrepancies between actual technical parameters and the user manual. Any product modifications are subject to change without prior notice. The company reserves the right to make final changes and interpretations.

• Copyright Information

The content of this user manual is protected by copyright law. The copyright belongs to Beijing InHand Network Technology Co., Ltd. and its licensors. All rights reserved. Without written permission, no entity or individual may use, reproduce, or distribute the content of this manual.

Interface Conventions

Symbol	Meaning	Example
< >	Indicates a variable or parameter to be replaced with an actual value	<IP Address> indicates that a specific IP address must be entered
" "	Indicates text labels on the interface	Click the "Save" button
→	Indicates menu hierarchy or operation sequence	[Network] → [Cellular]
【 】	Indicates a menu or page name	Enter the [System Settings] page

Technical Support

Email: [email protected]

URL: www.inhand.com

How to Use This Manual

a) Choose Your Path

• First-time users: Read [Device Overview] → [Installation and First Use] → [Common Scenario Configuration] → [Function Description and Parameter Reference] in sequence.
• Existing device users: Consult [Function Description and Parameter Reference] or [Appendix: Troubleshooting] directly.
• Cloud platform management users: Consult [Common Scenario Configuration] for device remote management platform content.

b) Quick Task Reference

Task	Corresponding Chapter	Estimated Time
Understand device appearance and indicators	Device Overview	Approx. 5 minutes
Install and power on the device	Installation and First Use	Approx. 10 minutes
Configure cellular network access	Common Scenario Configuration	Approx. 5 minutes
Configure Wi-Fi Station connection	Common Scenario Configuration	Approx. 5 minutes
Remotely manage the device via DeviceLive	Common Scenario Configuration	Approx. 10 minutes
Troubleshoot network issues	Appendix: Troubleshooting	As needed

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Chapter 1: Device Overview

1.1 Overview

EC954 is a high-performance multi-interface edge computer featuring AI computation up to 26 TOPS and supporting TensorRT, cuDNN, VisionWorks, and OpenCV AI frameworks. The device integrates an ARM [email protected] quad-core processor to provide a robust computing platform. It runs a Linux distribution, offering a flexible secondary development environment. Security features including Secure Boot and TPM2.0 are supported to ensure software and data integrity. The built-in DeviceSupervisor Agent (DSA) service enables data collection, processing, and cloud upload. The device also supports DeviceLive cloud management for remote monitoring and administration.

1.2 Packing List

Item	Quantity	Remarks
EC954 Host	1	—
Power Adapter	1	Optional equipment
Wi-Fi Antenna	1	Standard equipment (depending on the device model)
GNSS Antenna	1	Standard equipment (depending on the device model)
Cellular Antenna	1	Standard equipment (depending on the device model)
Detachable Pin	1	—
Warranty Card	1	—

1.3 Appearance and Interfaces

1.3.1 Top Panel

Figure 1-1 EC954 Top Panel

1.3.2 Front Panel

Figure 1-2 EC954 Front Panel

1.3.3 Rear Panel

Figure 1-3 EC954 Rear Panel

1.3.4 Alternative Front Panel View

Figure 1-4 EC954 Front Panel (Alternative View)

1.3.5 Interface Description

Interface	Position	Function Description
ETH1-ETH4	Front panel	Four RJ45 Ethernet ports, supporting 10M/100M/1000M adaptive rates
P1-P4	Front panel	Serial ports 1-4, supporting RS-232/RS-485/RS-422 (software-configurable)
P5-P8	Front panel	Serial ports 5-8, fixed RS-485
CAN	Front panel	2-way CAN bus interface, supporting CAN 2.0A/B standard; CAN2 compatible with CAN FD up to 5 Mbps
DI0-DI3	Front panel	4-way digital input, dry contact, 3000 VDC isolation
DO0-DO3	Front panel	4-way digital output, 3000 VDC isolation
USB1-USB2	Front panel	Two USB 2.0 Host ports
DC Input	Front panel	12-48 VDC power input (two-pin terminal, V+, V-)
SIM1-SIM2	Side panel	Dual SIM card slots
Micro SD	Side panel	Micro SD card slot
ANT1-ANT4	Top panel	Cellular antennas (4G LTE Main/Diversity/5G)
GNSS	Top panel	GNSS antenna
WiFi1-WiFi2	Top panel	Wi-Fi antennas
Reset Button	Side panel	Factory reset button
Power Button	Side panel	Power on/off button
mSATA	Internal	mSATA hard drive interface

1.4 Indicator Description

EC954 has 12 LEDs indicating power supply and system operating status.

Figure 1-5 EC954 LED Indicators

Indicator	Status	Meaning
PWR	On	Device powered on
STATUS	Blinking	System starting normally
	Off	System startup failure or factory restore in progress
WARN	Blinking	Warning exception occurred; system upgrade or factory restore in progress
ERR	Blinking	Serious system error occurred; system upgrade or factory restore in progress
SIM1	On	SIM card 1 selected for dialing
	Off	SIM card 2 selected or dialing disabled
SIM2	On	SIM card 2 selected for dialing
	Off	SIM card 1 selected or dialing disabled
USER1	Off (default)	User programmable indicator 1
USER2	Off (default)	User programmable indicator 2
4G/5G	On	Cellular dial-up successful
L1	On	Cellular signal strength indicator (see table below)
L2	On	Cellular signal strength indicator (see table below)
L3	On	Cellular signal strength indicator (see table below)

Cellular Network Signal Strength Indication

The combination of L1, L2, and L3 indicates cellular signal strength.

Signal Strength	L1	L2	L3
No signal	Off	Off	Off
Weak (RSSI < -90 dBm)	On	Off	Off
Medium (-90 dBm <= RSSI < -70 dBm)	On	On	Off
Strong (RSSI >= -70 dBm)	On	On	On

Factory Restore LED Indication

After executing factory restore, the system reboots. During the restore process, the WARN and ERR indicators blink while STATUS is off. In this state, the device must not be powered off; otherwise, file loss may occur. This state lasts approximately 30 seconds. When the restore is complete, WARN and ERR turn off and STATUS blinks.

Indicator	State During Factory Restore
WARN	Blinking
ERR	Blinking
STATUS	Off

1.5 Restore Factory Settings

Two methods are available to restore factory settings.

Method 1: Command Line

Type the following command. The system automatically restarts and restores factory settings.

sudo restore

Method 2: Reset Button

1. Press and hold the factory reset button for 10-20 seconds until the WARN indicator stays on.
2. Release the factory reset button after the WARN indicator stays on.
3. After releasing the button, the ERR indicator flashes several times, and the system begins to restart and perform factory reset.
4. After the system restarts, the WARN and ERR indicators flash and STATUS goes off. After approximately 30 seconds, when both WARN and ERR indicators stop flashing and STATUS starts blinking, the factory reset is complete.

Warning: During the factory restore process, do not power off the device. Otherwise, some files may be lost and system functions may be affected.

1.6 Default Settings

Parameter	Default Value
ETH1 IP Address	192.168.3.100
ETH2 IP Address	192.168.4.100
ETH3 IP Address	192.168.5.100
ETH4 IP Address	192.168.6.100
CLI Username	edge
CLI Password	security@edge
Web Username	adm
Web Password	123456
Web Management Port	9100 (HTTPS)
IEOS	Enabled by default
Root User	Created but login disabled by default

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Chapter 2: Installation and First Use

2.1 Pre-Installation Preparation

Environmental Requirements

Parameter	Specification
Input Voltage	12 to 48 VDC
Operating Temperature	-20 to 70 degrees C (-4 to 158 degrees F)
Storage Temperature	-40 to 85 degrees C (-40 to 185 degrees F)
Environmental Humidity	5% to 95% (non-condensing)

Tools Required

• Phillips screwdriver
• Network cable
• SIM card removal pin (included in packing list)
• Antennas (included in packing list, depending on model)

Warning: Ensure the installation environment meets the specified temperature and humidity requirements. Do not install the device in an environment with explosive or flammable materials.

Note: The device must be powered off during SIM card and Micro SD card installation.

2.2 Installation Guide

2.2.1 DIN Rail Mounting

The mounting plate for the DIN rail is attached to the lower panel of the EC954.

1. Snap the top hook of the DIN rail mounting plate into the top of the DIN rail bracket.
2. Slowly push the device forward in the direction of the DIN rail bracket so that the bottom end of the DIN rail snaps into place.

Figure 2-1 DIN Rail Mounting

2.2.2 Wall Mounting

The EC954 can be mounted using a wall mounting kit, which must be purchased separately.

1. Secure the wall mounting kit to the lower panel of the EC954 using screws.

Figure 2-2 Wall Mounting Kit Installation

1. Once the wall mounting kit has been successfully fixed to the EC954, use screws to fix the EC954 to the wall or cabinet.

Figure 2-3 Wall Mounting

2.2.3 Antenna Installation

EC954 has a total of seven antenna interfaces. Different models are equipped with different numbers of antennas.

Identification	Name
ANT1	4G LTE Main Antenna / 5G Antenna
ANT2	4G LTE Diversity Receiver Antenna / 5G Antenna
GNSS	GNSS Antenna
ANT3	5G Antenna
ANT4	5G Antenna
WiFi1	Wi-Fi Antenna
WiFi2	Wi-Fi Antenna

Screw the required antennas into the corresponding SMA antenna connectors.

Figure 2-4 Antenna Installation

2.2.4 SIM Card Installation

EC954 supports two SIM card slots. The SIM card must be installed in a power-off state.

1. Remove the SIM card removal pin from the accessory box.
2. Press the corresponding pin hole to eject the SIM card tray.
3. Install the SIM card into the SIM card tray.
4. Press the tray back into the slot to complete the installation.

Figure 2-5 SIM Card Installation

2.2.5 Micro SD Card Installation

The Micro SD card does not support hot-swap and must be installed in a power-off state.

1. Remove the protective case.
2. Install the Micro SD card into the SD card slot located on the left panel of the EC954.

Figure 2-6 Micro SD Card Installation

2.2.6 mSATA Hard Drive Installation

EC954 supports mSATA hard drives, which are not included by default.

1. Use a screwdriver to open the protective casing of the hard drive.

Figure 2-7 mSATA Protective Casing Removal (Step 1)

Figure 2-8 mSATA Protective Casing Removal (Step 2)

1. Align the drive with the slot, push it to the right and snap it into place. Remove the screws (M2) to secure the right side of the drive.

Figure 2-9 mSATA Drive Installation (Step 1)

Figure 2-10 mSATA Drive Installation (Step 2)

1. Reinstall the removed protective housing back into the EC954.

2.2.7 Power Connection

The EC954 supports 12 to 48 VDC power supply.

1. Remove the factory-supplied power adapter from the accessory box.
2. Insert the adapter terminals into the DC port of the EC954 (V+, V-).
3. Connect the power adapter to an appropriate power source.
4. When the PWR power indicator lights up, the device has been properly powered up.

Figure 2-11 DC Power Input

2.2.8 First-Time Access

Access via SSH

1. Connect a PC to any Ethernet port of the EC954 using a network cable.
2. Configure the PC's IP address to be in the same subnet as the device interface address.
3. On a Linux PC, use the ssh command to connect. On a Windows PC, download PuTTY from http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html and establish an SSH connection.
4. Enter the default username edge and password security@edge.
5. When the terminal prompt edge@edge-computer:~$ appears, the connection is successful.

The following figure shows an example of an SSH connection from a Linux PC.

Figure 2-12 SSH Connection from Linux PC

Enter yes to continue connecting.

Figure 2-13 SSH Confirmation Prompt

When the terminal prompt appears, the connection is successful.

Figure 2-14 SSH Connection Successful

The following figure shows an example of connecting via PuTTY on a Windows PC.

Figure 2-15 PuTTY SSH Connection

Figure 2-16 Network Cable Connection

Access via Web Interface

1. Connect a PC to any Ethernet port of the EC954 using a network cable.
2. Configure the PC's IP address to be in the same subnet as the device interface address.
3. Open a web browser and enter https://<Device_IP>:9100.
4. Enter the default username adm and password 123456.
5. Click the login button to access the web management interface.

Note: Not all EC954 models support the WEB interface management function. Refer to the "Ordering Information" section in the EC954 Series Edge Computer Datasheet for specific support.

2.3 Quick Check

After installation is complete, verify the following items.

• The PWR indicator is on, indicating that power is supplied correctly.
• The STATUS indicator is blinking, indicating that the system has started normally.
• The network cable is securely connected and the LINK indicator on the Ethernet port is on.
• If a SIM card is installed, the corresponding SIM indicator is on.
• If antennas are installed, the cellular signal strength indicators (L1, L2, L3) show the appropriate signal level.
• The PC can ping the device's default IP address.
• The web management interface can be accessed from the PC (if the model supports it).
• The SSH connection can be established from the PC using the default credentials.

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Chapter 3: Common Scenario Configuration

Scenario 1: Cellular Networking

Objective: Access the internet via 4G/5G cellular network.

Prerequisites: SIM card inserted, cellular antennas installed, device powered on, and logged in to the web management interface.

Estimated Time: Approx. 5 minutes.

Operation Steps: 1. Log in to the web management interface. 2. Navigate to [Network] → [Cellular]. 3. Confirm that the "Enable" switch is in the ON state. 4. If a dedicated network SIM card is used, configure the APN parameters in [APN Profiles]. 5. To use dual SIM cards, enable [Dual SIM enabled] and configure the primary SIM card and dial parameters. 6. In [ICMP Detection], configure the detection server address and enable ICMP detection to prevent false connections. 7. Click "Save" and wait for the connection to establish.

Verification Method: 1. Check that the 4G/5G indicator is on. 2. Navigate to [Status] → [Cellular Dialing Status] and verify that an IP address is obtained. 3. Use the [Network Diagnostics] tool to ping an external address.

Common Issues: - Unable to connect: Verify SIM card insertion, APN parameters, and signal strength. - False connection (dial-up successful but no data): Enable ICMP detection and configure appropriate detection addresses.

Scenario 2: Wi-Fi Station Connection

Objective: Connect the EC954 to an existing Wi-Fi network.

Prerequisites: Wi-Fi antennas installed, device powered on, and logged in to the web management interface.

Estimated Time: Approx. 5 minutes.

Operation Steps: 1. Log in to the web management interface. 2. Navigate to [Network] → [Wi-Fi Station]. 3. Enable [Enable Wi-Fi]. 4. Enter the target [Client SSID] or click "Scan" to select from nearby networks. 5. Select the [Auth Method] and [Encrypt Mode] matching the target network. 6. Enter the [WPA/WPA2 PSK Key]. 7. Click "Save".

Verification Method: 1. Navigate to [Status] → [Wi-Fi Station Status] and verify that an IP address is obtained. 2. Ping an external address to confirm internet connectivity.

Common Issues: - Connection failure: Verify SSID, password, and signal strength. - Unable to obtain IP: Check DHCP server availability on the target network.

Scenario 3: Ethernet Configuration

Objective: Configure an Ethernet interface with a static IP address, DHCP client, or DHCP server.

Prerequisites: PC connected to the device via network cable, device powered on, and logged in to the web management interface.

Estimated Time: Approx. 5 minutes.

Operation Steps: 1. Log in to the web management interface. 2. Navigate to [Network] → [Ethernet]. 3. Select the interface to configure (eth1-eth4). 4. Choose the configuration mode: Static IP, DHCP Client, or DHCP Server. 5. If Static IP is selected, enter the IP address, netmask, and gateway. 6. If DHCP Server is selected, configure the starting address, maximum address number, and lease period. 7. Click "Save".

Verification Method: 1. Navigate to [Status] → [Routing Status] and verify the route entries. 2. From a connected device, ping the gateway address.

Common Issues: - Unable to communicate: Verify that the IP address, netmask, and gateway are in the correct network segment. - DHCP Client fails: Check that the upstream DHCP server is available.

Scenario 4: Remote Device Management via DeviceLive

Objective: Remotely monitor and manage the EC954 via the DeviceLive cloud platform.

Prerequisites: Device has internet access (cellular or Ethernet), device powered on, and logged in to the web management interface.

Estimated Time: Approx. 10 minutes.

Operation Steps: 1. Log in to the web management interface. 2. Navigate to [System Management] → [Basic Configuration] → [Cloud Management]. 3. Enable [Enabled]. 4. Select the [Cloud Server] address (domestic or overseas platform). 5. Click "Save". 6. Log in to the DeviceLive platform and verify that the device is online.

Verification Method: 1. On the DeviceLive platform, check that the device status is online. 2. On the device, navigate to [Status] → [Device Information] and verify cloud connection status.

Common Issues: - Device offline: Verify internet connectivity and cloud server address selection. - Unable to register: Check that the device serial number is correctly bound on the platform.

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Chapter 4: Function Description and Parameter Reference

4.1 User Account Management

Function Description: The EC954 uses a multi-user Linux system. The default user edge is in the sudo group and can execute system-level commands. The root user is created at factory default but login is disabled.

Access: Connect to the EC954 via SSH and use command-line tools.

Operation Instructions:

4.1.1 Switch to Root User

Use the command sudo -s to switch to the root user. For security reasons, do not operate all commands under root privileges.

When using certain pipes or redirection behaviors without root privileges, a permission denied prompt may appear. In this case, use sudo su -c with single quotes around the complete command instead of >, <, >>, <<, etc.

4.1.2 Create and Delete User Accounts

Use the useradd and userdel commands to create and delete user accounts. Ensure that access permissions are set for the account. The following example creates a user test1 in the sudo group with bash as the default shell and /home/test1 as the home directory.

Figure 4-1 Create User Account

Change the password for test1 using the passwd command. Enter the new password and repeat to confirm.

Figure 4-2 Change User Password

Delete user test1 using the userdel command.

Figure 4-3 Delete User Account

4.1.3 Disable Default User Accounts

Warning: Before disabling the default account, create another user account first.

Lock the default edge user to prevent login.

Figure 4-4 Lock Default User

Unlock the edge user when needed.

Figure 4-5 Unlock Default User

4.2 Web management based on IEOS

4.2.1 Logging into the web

Considering that the user's program may require the use of HTTP/HTTPS standard port number 80/443, IEOS uses port number 9100 as the port for HTTPS connection and does not support access through HTTP; When users access the web using HTTP, they will automatically redirect to using HTTPS. This document takes the default address 192.168.4100 through eth2 as an example for explanation. After entering 192.168.4100:9100 in the browser, the user will be redirected to the login page

Important note: When the IEOS program is enabled, some port numbers will be reserved for internal communication, with a reserved port number range of 9100 to 9200. After enabling IEOS, customer programs should avoid using these port numbers, otherwise conflicts may occur and functional abnormalities may occur. 

Figure 4-6 IEOS Web Login Page

4.2.2 Network Management

4.2.2.21 Ethernet Interface

Function Description: The EC954 has four RJ45 Ethernet ports supporting 10M/100M/1000M adaptive rates. Each port can be configured with a static IP address, DHCP client, or DHCP server via the IEOS web interface.

Access: Log in to the IEOS web interface. Navigate to [Network] → [Ethernet].

Operation Instructions:

To configure a static IP address for the eth1 interface, enter the IP address, netmask, and gateway.

Figure 4-7 Ethernet Static IP Configuration

To configure DHCP Client for the eth1 interface, select DHCP Client mode.

Figure 4-8 Ethernet DHCP Client Configuration

To enable DHCP Server on the eth1 interface, configure the address pool parameters.

Figure 4-9 DHCP Server Configuration

Parameter Description:

Parameter	Description
Enable DHCP Server	Switch for DHCP Server functionality
Starting Address	The starting base address of the DHCP Server address pool. Network segment + starting address = the starting IP address of the pool
Max Address Number	The maximum number of addresses in the address pool
Lease Period	Lease period

The RJ45 pin assignments are as follows.

Figure 4-10 RJ45 Pin Assignment

RJ45 Pin Number	10M/100M	1000M
1	TX+	TRD(0)+
2	TX-	TRD(0)-
3	RX+	TRD(1)+
4	-	TRD(2)+
5	-	TRD(2)-
6	RX-	TRD(1)-
7	-	TRD(3)+
8	-	TRD(3)-

The Ethernet port LINK/ACT indicators operate as follows: the green LINK indicator is on when the peer device has a 1000M interface, and off when the peer device has a 10/100M interface. The yellow ACT indicator flashes when data is being transmitted.

4.2.2.2 Cellular Network Configuration

Function Description: The EC954 supports 4G/5G cellular networking with dual SIM card slots. The cellular function can be configured via the IEOS web interface, including APN parameters, network mode, dual SIM failover, and ICMP connection detection.

Access: Log in to the IEOS web interface. Navigate to [Network] → [Cellular].

Operation Instructions:

The cellular network basic configuration page is shown below.

Figure 4-11 Cellular Network Basic Configuration

Parameter Description (Basic):

Parameter	Description
Enable	Switch for cellular function; enabled by default
APN Profiles	A set of dialing parameters used to configure APN, username, password, and authentication method. Up to 10 records can be added
Network Mode	Cellular network format (3G, 4G, LTE, WCDMA, etc.); default is Automatic
Enable Default Route	Enable the add default route function for the cellular port; enabled by default
Metric	The metric value of the default routing for cellular ports

To configure dual SIM failover, enable [Dual SIM enabled] and set the primary SIM card.

Figure 4-12 Cellular Dual SIM Configuration

Parameter Description (Dual SIM):

Parameter	Description
Dual SIM enabled	Enable dual SIM single dial failover; default is off
Main SIM	The SIM card prioritized for dialing; default is SIM1
Max Number of Dials	After the current SIM card reaches the specified number of failed dials, switch to the other SIM card
APN Profile	The dialing parameter set selected by the SIM card; default is Automatic
PIN Code	The PIN code of the SIM card

To detect false dial-up connections, configure ICMP detection.

Figure 4-13 Cellular ICMP Detection Configuration

Parameter Description (ICMP Detection):

Parameter	Description
ICMP Detection Server Probes	ICMP detection target addresses; up to two addresses can be configured. When both are unconfigured, ICMP detection is off
Detection Interval	Interval between ICMP detection attempts
Detection Timeout	ICMP detection timeout period
Detection Max Retries	Maximum number of detection retries; when failed attempts reach this value, a redial is triggered. Range [1, 5]
Detection Strict	When disabled, the detection program checks whether received packets on the cellular interface have changed during each cycle. When enabled, ICMP messages are sent periodically regardless of packet changes. Default is off

Advanced configuration options are available for uncommon scenarios.

Figure 4-14 Cellular Advanced Configuration

Parameter Description (Advanced):

Parameter	Description
Debug Mode enabled	Enable debug logging for dial-up troubleshooting; disabled by default
Enable Infinitely Redial	Enable infinite redial; when disabled, the system restarts after a certain number of failed dials. Default is off
Dial Interval	Waiting time before the next dial attempt after a failure
Signal Query Interval	Interval for the dial-up program to check signal strength

4.2.2.3 Wi-Fi

Function Description: The EC954 supports Wi-Fi Station mode to connect to existing wireless networks.

Access: Log in to the IEOS web interface. Navigate to [Network] → [Wi-Fi Station].

Operation Instructions:

Figure 4-15 Wi-Fi Station Configuration

Parameter Description:

Parameter	Description
Enable Wi-Fi	Enable switch; default is off
Client SSID	The SSID to connect to; can be entered manually or selected via scan
Enable Default Route	Enable the add default route function for the WLAN port; enabled by default
Metric	The metric value of the default routing for Wi-Fi ports
Auth Method	Authentication method; supports No Authentication, WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK, WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK Mixed
Encrypt Mode	Encryption method; supports CCMP, TKIP, TKIP and CCMP
WPA/WPA2 PSK Key	Key information

4.2.2.4 Static Routing

Function Description: Static routing for Ethernet can be configured via the IEOS web interface. When default routing is configured for Ethernet, cellular, and Wi-Fi simultaneously, the route with the lowest metric value takes effect.

Access: Log in to the IEOS web interface. Navigate to [Network] → [Static Routing].

Operation Instructions:

Figure 4-16 Static Routing Configuration

Parameter Description:

Parameter	Description
Interface	The outbound interface for static routing
Target	Target network address
Netmask	Target netmask
Gateway	Next hop address
Metric	The metric value of static routing

4.2.2.5 Firewall

Function Description: The firewall function is configured via the IEOS web interface. Currently, only the iptables command is supported for configuration.

Access: Log in to the IEOS web interface. Navigate to [Network] → [Firewall].

Operation Instructions:

Figure 4-17 Firewall Configuration

4.2.2.6 DNS

Function Description: DNS server addresses and domain name hijacking rules can be configured via the IEOS web interface.

Access: Log in to the IEOS web interface. Navigate to [Network] → [DNS].

Operation Instructions:

Configure DNS server addresses.

Figure 4-18 DNS Server Configuration

Configure domain name hijacking rules.

Figure 4-19 DNS Domain Hijacking Configuration

Parameter Description:

Parameter	Description
DNS Servers	DNS server addresses; up to four can be configured
Domain Name Hijacking	Domain name hijacking function; achieves binding between IP addresses and domain names

4.2.2.7 Network Diagnostics

Function Description: Network diagnostics support ping, traceroute, and nslookup functions.

Access: Log in to the IEOS web interface. Navigate to [Network] → [Network Diagnostics].

Operation Instructions:

Figure 4-20 Network Diagnostics

4.2.3 System Management

Function Description: System management includes basic configuration (cloud management, time zone, NTP), firmware upgrade, system restart, and system reset.

Access: Log in to the IEOS web interface. Navigate to [System Management].

4.2.3.1 Basic Configuration

Cloud Management

Figure 4-21 Cloud Management Configuration

Parameter Description:

Parameter	Description
Enabled	Enable switch for docking with the DeviceLive platform
Cloud Server	DeviceLive platform address; select domestic or overseas platform

Time Zone and NTP Client

Figure 4-22 Time Zone and NTP Configuration

Up to 10 NTP server addresses can be configured. The program periodically sends synchronization requests to each server address in sequence. After successful synchronization, the system time is written to the RTC, and subsequent NTP servers are no longer queried.

In addition to NTP automatic synchronization, a manual synchronization button is available on the [Device Info] status page. This button is displayed only when the device time and local time differ by more than 3 seconds.

Figure 4-23 Device Information with Time Synchronization

This page also supports configuration import, export, and factory recovery.

4.2.3.2 Firmware Upgrade

Figure 4-24 Firmware Upgrade

The automatic restart option is disabled by default. After upgrading firmware, the system must be manually restarted to take effect. When automatic restart is enabled, the system automatically restarts after a successful firmware upgrade.

4.2.3.3 Others

Figure 4-25 System Restart and Reset

This page provides system restart and system reset functions. System reset restores the configuration and file system to factory defaults, which means user-installed software will also be cleared. Use this function with caution.

4.2.4 Status

Function Description: The status page displays device information, network connection status, and system operational data.

Access: Log in to the IEOS web interface. Navigate to [Status].

4.2.4.1 Device Information

The device information status page displays the host name, device model, serial number, firmware version, kernel version, file system version, and an overview of CPU, memory, and disk space usage.

Figure 4-26 Device Information Status

4.2.4.2 Cellular Status

The cellular dialing status page displays the SIM card, IMEI, IMSI, ICCID, signal strength, and the IP address, DNS, and other information obtained during dialing.

Figure 4-27 Cellular Dialing Status

4.2.4.3 Wi-Fi Status

The Wi-Fi Station status page displays the IP address, gateway, and DNS information obtained after a successful Wi-Fi connection.

Figure 4-28 Wi-Fi Station Status

4.2.4.4 DHCP Server Status

The DHCP Server status page displays the IP address, client host name, client host MAC, and expiration time assigned to downstream devices.

Figure 4-29 DHCP Server Status

4.2.4.5 Routing Status

The routing status page displays information such as IPv4 direct routing, static routing, and routing neighbors.

Figure 4-30 Routing Status

4.2.4.6 Firewall Status

The firewall status page displays filtering rules, IP address mapping rules, and other information.

Figure 4-31 Firewall Status

4.2.4.7 Log Information

The log page displays system logs and user logs. The log level can be set (Error, Info, Debug, etc.). Logs can also be downloaded locally.

Figure 4-32 Log Information

4.3 Linux Command Line Network Management

When using the Linux command line for network and system configuration, the first step is to close the IEOS program. IEOS is managed through system ctl, 

The way to close IEOS is as follows: 

Systemctl stop ieos_daemon 

This shutdown only takes effect for this startup. Even after the system restarts, the IEOS program will still start. The way to prevent the IEOS program from starting up is as follows:

Systemctl disable ieos_daemon 

Important note: After disabling IEOS, wireless networking functions such as dial-up and Wi Fi require users to implement them based on native Linux commands, and it is also impossible to remotely manage devices through the DeviceLive platform. 

4.3.1 Network Management

4.3.1.1 Set a static IP address

If you want to set a static IP address for EC954, modify the corresponding network configuration file by using the commands vim/etc/network/interfaces. d/eth1 or vim/etc/network/interfaces. d/eth2 to set the default gateway, address, network, and subnet mask for the Ethernet interface. Here is an example of setting a static IP for the eth2 port:

Figure 4-33 Static IP Configuration (Command Line)

After modifying the interface IP configuration, execute/etc/init.d/networking restart to restart the network service and make the configuration effective. 

4.3.1.2 Set a dynamic IP address

If you want to set a dynamic IP address for EC954, modify the corresponding network configuration file by using the command vim/etc/network/interfaces. d/eth1 or vim/etc/network/interfaces. d/eth2, and set it to DHCP after inet to automatically obtain the IP address. 

Here is an example of setting a dynamic IP for the eth1 port.

Figure 4-34 DHCP Client Configuration (Command Line)

After modifying the interface IP configuration, execute/etc/init.d/networking restart to restart the network service and make the configuration effective. 

4.3.2 System Administration

4.3.2.1 Querying Firmware Version

To check the computer firmware version of EC954, please type: 

Figure 4-35 Firmware Version Query

By adding the - a option, you can see the complete version information: 

Figure 4-36 Full Firmware Version Information

4.3.2.2 Viewing available disk space

To determine the amount of available drive space, use the df command with the - h option. The system will return the amount of drive space decomposed by the file system. The available disk partition for users in EC954 product is/dev/mmcblk0p8. Here is an example:

Figure 4-37 Disk Space Query (df -h)

4.3.2.3 Query product model information

The devinfo tool can view product model information 

Figure 4-38 Product Model Query (devinfo)

4.3.2.4 Adjusting Time

EC954 has two time settings. One is the system time, and the other is the RTC (Real Time Clock) time maintained by the hardware of EC954. Use the date command to query the current system time or set a new system time. Use the hwclock command to query the current RTC time or set a new RTC time.

Use the command date MMDDhhmmYYYY to set the system time: 

MM: Month 

DD: Day 

Hh: hour 

Mm: minutes 

YYYY: Year 

Figure 4-39 Set System Time (date)

The following command can be used to set the RTC time to system time

Figure 4-40 Synchronize RTC to System Time (hwclock)

Click on the following link to obtain more detailed information about dates and times: 

https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/system-administrator/ch-sysadmin-time.html 

https://wiki.debian.org/DateTime 

4.3.2.5 Setting Time Zone

There are two methods to configure the time zone of EC954. One is to use the command tzselect. Another option is to use the/etc/localtime file. 

Using the tzselect command

After typing the tzselect command, you will enter the region selection interface. First, select the approximate region (divided by continent or ocean) and enter the number in front of the continent or ocean 

Figure 4-41 tzselect Area Selection

Choose another country under that continent or ocean 

Figure 4-42 tzselect Country Selection

Follow the above steps to obtain the Chinese time zone keyword Asia/Shanghai, and execute the following command to set the time zone 

Figure 4-43 Set Time Zone Command

Using Localtime Files

The local time zone is stored in/etc/localtime, and if no value is set for the TZ environment variable, it is used by the GNU library for C (glibc). This file is either a copy of/usr/share/zoneinfo/file, or a symbolic link pointing to it. If EC954 cannot find the/usr/share/zoneinfo/file, please download the time zone information file you need from the website（ https://www.iana.org/time-zones ）And re link to the local time file in EC900. 

Take care

After successfully downloading the required time zone information file, decompress it, and then use the zic command to compile and generate the corresponding binary file. The generated time zone file is "/usr/share/zoneinfo/custom time zone file name". 

4.4 Peripheral Interfaces

4.4.1 Serial Ports

EC954 has eight serial ports. The first four ports (P1-P4) support RS-232, RS-485, and RS-422 modes. The default mode is RS-485. The last four ports (P5-P8) are fixed to RS-485. The device nodes for P1-P4 are /dev/ttyCOM1 to /dev/ttyCOM4.

Figure 4-44 Ethernet Ports

Figure 4-45 Serial Ports

The pin assignments for the first four serial ports are shown below.

Figure 4-46 Serial Port Pin Assignment

RJ45 Pin Number	RS-232	RS-422	RS-485
1	DSR	-	-
2	RTS	TxD+	-
3	GND	GND	GND
4	TxD	TxD-	-
5	RxD	RxD+	Data+
6	DCD	RxD-	Data-
7	CTS	-	-
8	DTR	-	-

Use the ih_uart_ctl command to switch the serial port mode.

Figure 4-47 Serial Port Mode Switch

Use the stty command to view and configure serial port parameters.

Figure 4-48 STTY Help (1)

Figure 4-49 STTY Help (2)

Figure 4-50 STTY Help (3)

Figure 4-51 STTY Help (4)

Figure 4-52 STTY Help (5)

View serial port information:

Figure 4-53 Serial Port Information

Set the baud rate for COM1:

sudo stty -F /dev/ttyCOM1 ispeed 9600 ospeed 9600 cs8

Set the baud rate for COM2:

sudo stty -F /dev/ttyCOM2 ispeed 9600 ospeed 9600 cs8

Set the baud rate for COM3:

sudo stty -F /dev/ttyCOM3 ispeed 9600 ospeed 9600 cs8

Set the baud rate for COM4:

sudo stty -F /dev/ttyCOM4 ispeed 9600 ospeed 9600 cs8

For more information about the stty command, refer to http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html.

4.4.2 USB Interface

EC954 provides two USB 2.0 Host ports, used for expanding storage devices and connecting input devices.

Figure 4-54 USB Ports

USB storage devices support hot-plugging. All partitions are automatically mounted to /mnt/usb_<node>_<num>.

Figure 4-55 USB Mount Example

Warning: Before disconnecting a USB mass storage device, enter the sync command to prevent data loss. Exit from the /media/* directory before disconnecting. If the automatic unmount fails, type umount /media/usb* to manually unmount the device.

4.4.3 Micro SD Card

EC954 supports Micro SD storage cards. Hot-swap is not supported. All partitions are automatically mounted to /mnt/sd_<node>_<num>.

Figure 4-56 Micro SD Mount Example

4.4.4 mSATA Hard Drive

To configure an mSATA hard drive, follow these steps.

1. Log in to the system and execute sudo fdisk -l to locate the hard disk partition.

Figure 4-57 mSATA Partition Identification

1. Format the partition to the desired file system, such as ext4.

Figure 4-58 mSATA File System Format

1. Create a mount point, such as /mnt/sda1.
2. Edit the /etc/fstab file and add the following line at the end:

/dev/sda1 /mnt/sda1 ext4 defaults,nofail,x-system.device-timeout=1s 0 0

Replace /dev/sda1 and /mnt/sda1 with the actual device partition and mount point. Replace ext4 with the actual file system format.

Figure 4-59 mSATA fstab Configuration

4.4.5 CAN Bus Interface

EC954 has a 2-way CAN bus interface supporting the CAN 2.0A/B standard. CAN2 is compatible with CAN FD up to 5 Mbps.

Figure 4-60 CAN Pin Assignment

RJ45 Pin Number	Identification	Function Description
1	CAN_H	CAN high level data line
2	CAN_L	CAN low level data line

Configure CAN1

Check the CAN device status using the ip link command.

Figure 4-61 CAN1 Device Status

To configure CAN1, first shut down the device:

sudo ip link set can0 down

Set the bit rate (example for 125k):

sudo ip link set can0 type can bitrate 125000

Restart the device:

sudo ip link set can0 up

Configure CAN2

Check the CAN2 device status.

Figure 4-62 CAN2 Device Status

To configure CAN2:

sudo ip link set can1 down
sudo ip link set can1 type can bitrate 125000 dbitrate 1250000 fd on
sudo ip link set can1 up

4.4.6 IO Ports

EC954 supports four digital inputs (DI0-DI3) and four digital outputs (DO0-DO3).

Figure 4-63 Digital Input Interface

Interface	Function	Description
COM	DI Common Port	4-way digital input, dry contact status "1": closed, "0": open, isolation 3000 VDC
DI0	Digital Input 0	—
DI1	Digital Input 1	—
DI2	Digital Input 2	—
DI3	Digital Input 3	—

Figure 4-64 Digital Output Interface

Interface	Function	Description
GND	DO Ground Terminal	4-channel digital output, isolation 3000 VDC
DO0	Digital Output 0	—
DO1	Digital Output 1	—
DO2	Digital Output 2	—
DO3	Digital Output 3	—

Use the dio_mgmt command to control IO.

Figure 4-65 dio_mgmt Command Help

Set an IO port to high or low:

Figure 4-66 dio_mgmt Set Output

Print the level information of the corresponding IO port:

dio_mgmt show DI0
dio_mgmt show DO0

4.4.7 GPS

Some EC954 models integrate a GPS module. The data serial port node is /dev/ttyS9.

To view GPS data, use one of the following methods.

Method 1: Configure the serial port using stty, then use cat to output raw data.

Figure 4-67 GPS Raw Data Output

Method 2: Use the gnss command to output parsed information such as time, longitude, and latitude.

Figure 4-68 GPS Parsed Data

4.4.8 Power On/Off Button

Shutdown

1. Press and hold the power button for 8 seconds to turn off the device.
2. Alternatively, use the Linux shutdown command to stop all software and power down the system.

Figure 4-69 Shutdown Command

Power On

Short press the power button. The system performs the power-on operation.

4.4.9 User Programmable Buttons

EC954 provides an API interface to detect the state of programmable buttons. The device node information can be obtained from the system description file.

Figure 4-70 User Programmable Buttons

4.5 Security Mechanisms

4.5.1 Sudo Mechanism

On the EC954, root user login is disabled for security reasons. sudo is a program that allows approved users to execute commands as root. Using sudo is safer than operating directly as root because it minimizes privilege exposure.

Figure 4-71 Sudo Command Example

4.5.2 Firewall

Netfilter/iptables is a packet filtering firewall tool included with the Linux system. It controls the inflow, outflow, and forwarding of data packets through the server.

4.5.3 TPM2.0

TPM (Trusted Platform Module) is a hardware security module designed to provide security and encryption capabilities for computer systems. It includes an encryption coprocessor for storing encryption keys, digital certificates, and other secure data. The EC954 integrates the standard TPM2.0 protocol stack and TPM2.0 tools.

4.6 Programming Guide

4.6.1 Device Description File

EC954 provides a JSON-format device information description file at /tmp/ieos/etc/systeminfo.json. Customers can query this file to obtain device node information for peripherals such as IO, LED, serial port, and others.

4.6.2 IO Programming

The device has eight IO interfaces: DI0-DI3 (four input pins) and DO0-DO3 (four output pins). According to the device description file, the IO device nodes are:

• DI0-DI3: /sys/class/gpio/gpio487 to /sys/class/gpio/gpio490
• DO0-DO3: /sys/class/gpio/gpio491 to /sys/class/gpio/gpio494

To program IO interfaces, operate on the value file under the corresponding device node.

Set DO0 to high:

echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio491/value

Read DI0 level:

cat /sys/class/gpio/gpio487/value

4.6.3 LED Programming

The device provides two user-programmable LEDs: USER1 and USER2. The device nodes are:

• USER1: /sys/class/leds/user1
• USER2: /sys/class/leds/user2

Control files in the LED directory:

File	Function
brightness	Controls LED on/off; write 1 for on, 0 for off
trigger	LED trigger mode; write timer for timer trigger, none to cancel
delay_on	LED on time in milliseconds (valid when trigger is timer)
delay_off	LED off time in milliseconds (valid when trigger is timer)

When the trigger is set to timer, the brightness value no longer takes effect and automatically becomes 0.

Turn USER1 on:

echo 1 > /sys/class/leds/user1/brightness

Make USER1 blink (1 second on, 1 second off):

echo timer > /sys/class/leds/user1/trigger
echo 1000 > /sys/class/leds/user1/delay_on
echo 1000 > /sys/class/leds/user1/delay_off

Stop USER1 blinking:

echo none > /sys/class/leds/user1/trigger

4.6.4 Cross Compilation

User-developed C/C++ programs can be cross-compiled on a development machine using the cross-compilation toolchain, then uploaded to the EC954 for execution.

Cross-compilation toolchain package: gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar.gz

Environment Setup:

1. Extract the toolchain package to /opt on the development machine.
2. Edit ~/.bashrc and append the following line:

   PATH=$PATH:/opt/gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin
   

3. Execute source ~/.bashrc to apply the environment variables.

Example Makefile:

TARGET  := helloworld
DIRS    := $(shell find . -maxdepth 3 -type d)
SRCS    := $(foreach dir,$(DIRS),$(wildcard $(dir)/*.c))
OBJS    := $(SRCS:.c=.o)

CC=aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc
CFLAGS  := -Wall -Wextra -g -Wno-unused-parameter

all: $(TARGET)

$(TARGET): $(OBJS)
    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LIBS) $^ -o $@

%.o: %.c
    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LIBS) -c $< -o $@

clean:
    rm -f $(TARGET) $(OBJS)

.PHONY: all clean

Execute make in the project directory to generate the target file.

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Chapter 5: Typical Applications

Case 1: Industrial Edge Data Collection and Remote Management

Scene Description: In an industrial monitoring environment, the EC954 is deployed at the edge of a factory network to collect data from field devices via serial ports or IO interfaces, process the data locally, and upload it to a cloud platform via cellular network. Administrators remotely monitor and manage the device through the DeviceLive platform.

Device Role: The EC954 acts as an edge gateway, responsible for collecting data from downstream devices, performing local preprocessing, and uploading data to the cloud via cellular network.

Configuration Steps: 1. Install the EC954 on a DIN rail or wall in the field cabinet. 2. Connect cellular antennas and insert a SIM card. 3. Power on the device and verify that the cellular network connection is successful. 4. Log in to the web management interface. 5. Navigate to [Network] → [Cellular] and configure APN parameters if required. 6. Navigate to [System Management] → [Basic Configuration] → [Cloud Management] and enable DeviceLive cloud management. 7. Connect field devices (PLCs, sensors) to the serial ports or IO interfaces. 8. Develop and deploy a data collection application using the programming guide.

Reference Chapters: - Cellular Network Configuration - Remote Device Management via DeviceLive - Serial Ports - IO Programming - Programming Guide

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Appendix A: Troubleshooting

1 Network Connection Issues

Phenomenon	Possible Cause	Troubleshooting Steps	Reference Chapter
Unable to connect to cellular network	SIM card not inserted or poorly connected	1. Check SIM card insertion 2. Reinsert the SIM card	SIM Card Installation
Unable to connect to cellular network	APN parameter misconfiguration	1. Verify APN parameters 2. Contact the carrier for correct APN	Cellular Network Configuration
Unable to connect to cellular network	Weak or no signal	1. Check antenna connections 2. Adjust device position	Antenna Installation
Unable to open web interface	PC IP address not in same subnet	1. Confirm PC and device are in the same subnet 2. Check device default IP	Default Settings
Unable to open web interface	Browser compatibility issue	1. Use a recommended browser (Chrome) 2. Clear browser cache	First-Time Access
Wi-Fi Station connection fails	Incorrect SSID or password	1. Verify SSID and password 2. Rescan and reconfigure	Wi-Fi Station Configuration
Ethernet communication failure	IP configuration error	1. Check IP address, netmask, and gateway 2. Verify cable connection	Ethernet Configuration

2 System Issues

Phenomenon	Possible Cause	Troubleshooting Steps	Reference Chapter
STATUS indicator off after power-on	System startup failure	1. Check power supply voltage 2. Perform factory restore	Restore Factory Settings
Unable to log in via SSH	Incorrect username or password	1. Verify default credentials 2. Check if the account is locked	User Account Management
Factory restore incomplete	Device powered off during restore	1. Do not power off during the 30-second restore window 2. Repeat factory restore procedure	Restore Factory Settings
DeviceLive platform shows device offline	Cloud management disabled	1. Check cloud management enable status 2. Verify cloud server address	Remote Device Management

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Appendix B: Safety Precautions

1. The device must be used within the specified temperature and humidity ranges.
2. Do not use the device in explosive or flammable environments.
3. Verify that the power supply voltage matches the device specifications before connecting power.
4. The device must be powered off during SIM card and Micro SD card installation.
5. Before disconnecting USB mass storage devices, execute the sync command to prevent data loss.
6. During factory restore or firmware upgrade, do not power off the device.

Warning: Non-professional personnel must not open the device enclosure. Risk of electric shock.

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Appendix C: Command Line Reference

1 Common Commands

Command	Function	Example
ssh	Remote SSH login	ssh [email protected]
sudo -s	Switch to root user	sudo -s
useradd	Create user account	sudo useradd -m -G sudo -s /bin/bash test1
userdel	Delete user account	sudo userdel test1
passwd	Change password	sudo passwd test1
uname -a	Query firmware version	uname -a
df -h	View disk space	df -h
devinfo	Query product model	devinfo
date	Set system time	date 052314302024
hwclock	Set RTC time	sudo hwclock --systohc
tzselect	Interactive time zone selection	tzselect
stty	Configure serial port	sudo stty -F /dev/ttyCOM1 9600 cs8
ip link	Configure CAN interface	sudo ip link set can0 up type can bitrate 125000
dio_mgmt	Control digital IO	dio_mgmt set DO0 HIGH
gnss	Query GPS information	gnss
sync	Synchronize cached writes	sync
shutdown	Shutdown system	sudo shutdown -h now
restore	Restore factory settings	sudo restore

2 IEOS Service Control

Command	Function
systemctl stop ieos_daemon	Stop IEOS for current session
systemctl disable ieos_daemon	Disable IEOS from starting on boot
systemctl start ieos_daemon	Start IEOS
systemctl enable ieos_daemon	Enable IEOS to start on boot

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FAQ

Question 1: What is the difference between the EC954 and a standard router?

1. The EC954 is an edge computer with a powerful ARM Cortex-A55 quad-core processor, supporting AI computation up to 26 TOPS. It provides multiple industrial interfaces (serial, CAN, DI/DO) and runs a full Linux distribution for secondary development.
2. Standard routers typically provide only network routing functions without industrial interfaces or edge computing capabilities.

Question 2: Why can the cellular dial-up status show success but the internet is unreachable?

1. The connection may be a false dial-up. Enable ICMP detection in [Network] → [Cellular] to detect and recover from false connections automatically.
2. Verify that the APN parameters match the carrier requirements.
3. Check the signal strength using the L1, L2, L3 indicators or the status page.

Question 3: How to resolve the conflict between IEOS web management and Linux native commands?

1. When IEOS is enabled, it takes over network and system management. Native Linux commands may be overwritten or ineffective.
2. It is recommended to use the IEOS web interface for configurations supported by IEOS.
3. For configurations not supported by IEOS (such as VPN), disable IEOS using systemctl stop ieos_daemon and configure via native Linux commands.

Question 4: What are the device nodes for the serial ports?

1. According to the serial port configuration chapter, P1-P4 correspond to /dev/ttyCOM1 to /dev/ttyCOM4.
2. The exact device node names for all interfaces can be queried from /tmp/ieos/etc/systeminfo.json.

Question 5: How to perform a safe shutdown?

1. Press and hold the power button for 8 seconds.
2. Alternatively, log in via SSH and execute sudo shutdown -h now.
3. Wait for the PWR indicator to turn off before disconnecting power.

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End of Document